Bassoon Digital Professor #91.
巴松管数码教授＃91。
Translation by Hanyu Qu. 译：屈涵雨
This is a remake of BDP#4.
这是翻拍的BDP＃4。
<Music: Hummel, Bassoon Concerto, I, Terry B. Ewell, bassoon, and Peter Amstutz, fortepiano, Oct. 1997, Kent University.>
<音乐：哈默巴松管协奏曲第一乐章，巴松管演奏：唐英伟博士；钢琴伴奏：彼得.阿姆斯特茨；1997年10月，肯特大学。>
1. We are going to begin by looking briefly at four reeds in order to give you an idea of how to do the visual observations. It will be difficult for you to fully see on camera what I can see visually myself. Naturally it is hard for me to adjust what you are seeing on camera as well. We will do the best we can.
开始我们先来看一下四种不同的哨片以便于帮助你以后更好的观察研究哨片。鉴于你通过摄像不能像我一样完整的观察哨片，但是我已没有办法再对相机进行进一步的调整，由于客观原因的限制，希望我们可以尽力去把这堂课上好。
2.When looking at reeds, observing the grain, we are looking at the fibers of the grain, seeing how they run down the blade of the reed. This first reed, for instance, (This is our wire up side. I identify that be the first wire.) has grain that looks pretty good. I do notice, however, right in this area here that the profiler might have taken out a little gouge (too much). Now I turn it over to the wire down side. I notice the topography. These grains are a little bit heavier than over here. This is seen in the coloration. As you get more toward the bark the color is more yellow in the grain. As you get towards the inside part of the cane, it is more white.
当我们观察哨片时，我们要去看苇片上纤维的走向和纹路。举个例子，第一个哨片，（这是外部铜环，记住这是第一个哨片），它的纤维看起来不错。但是我注意到哨片的右侧被刨哨片的机器修的有些过了，有些沟壑的痕迹。现在我们翻过来观察一下，我注意到这一面的纤维要比刚刚那一面的纤维要厚些，从苇片纤维颜色就可以看得出来：在纤维较厚处颜色越偏向于黄色，越细密薄的纤维颜色则会偏白。
3.Now let’s take a look at the aperture. You will notice that the wire up side (here is the wire)is stronger than the wire down side on this reed. And I also notice that this side over here is weaker than this side.
现在我们来看看风口大小，我们看到铜环在这一侧（这是铜环）铜环这一侧的苇片较厚较强，同时我也注意到下面那一侧偏右的苇片要比左边的薄弱些。
4.When the reed closes, notice how the aperture closes off center.
当苇片闭合时，注意观察风口中心位置的闭合情况
5.Now you can always tell which side is stronger because it is a little bit like a wrestling match—two arms wrestling. You can very clearly see that this blade here (wire up blade) is stronger than the wire down blade. It is pushing this this direction, like that. That is a real good visual cue.
现在你可以容易的观察到哪一边比较强较厚，两个哨片压力的抗衡我们可以类比一下摔角比赛—像两只手臂在扭斗一样。你可以清楚地看到上侧苇片要比下侧苇片坚硬强壮，这侧苇片在向下施加压力，这是一个很好的图像依据。
6.OK. Let me do the finger test now. I am testing with my fingers. I feel along the reed. Yes, I feel that this wire up side is heavier. You can see how that wire down side is collapsing more. I am feeling this way as well.
好的现在我们用手指测试下哨片,我用手指均匀向中间用力，感受哨片的坚硬程度。通过手指的按压我感受到上侧苇片要更加厚，你可以看出下侧苇片受到挤压变形程度更大，我同样可以感受的到。
7.Then we can put in the plaque. We will test with the plaque in the reed. Here is the first wire. We were saying that the wire up side was a little bit thicker. It does appear to be a little bit thicker. Observe.
然后我们放入削哨的舌头，然后和削哨舌头一起检验哨片。这是第一铜环处，你可以看到铜环所对应的上侧苇片相对较厚。
8.So those are the observations that would help me even out that particular reed.
以上这些观察就是帮助我修一个相对性能平衡的哨片的依据。
9.Let’s look at another one. I see some nice straight grains going all the way through. I am not observing problems on that side. I am trying to get the right angle so that you can see the grain. It looks like in this area I may have taken out took much cane. That may have been off of the profiler. Let’s take a look at the aperture (tip). The wire is up here. Once again, the wire up side is a little bit stronger. When I close off this reed like that, pinching it closed, I observe that wire up this place is stronger than there. Also this is stronger than over there. Let’s do that again. The bubble ends in this area when I close it. OK.
下面我们来看第二个哨片。你看纤维笔直的顺着哨片排列，这是很好的。额，现在我不是在挑毛病，我尝试调整角度以便于你更好的观察纤维。看起来这里好像被刨哨片机器修的有些过了。下面让我们来观察一下风口，第一铜环在这里，哦，看起来这个哨片也是上侧苇片偏厚。我用手指按压哨片让它闭合，可以观察的到确实上侧苇片是偏厚坚硬的。我们再做一遍，风口的闭合中心就是这个样子的。
10.Again we can put in the plaque. I ought to do my finger test. I forgot to do that. So I am just going to feel along here. Yes, wire up, I am definitely feeling that it is heavier particularly right here. It probably has something to do with the way I work on the reeds. (Pretend this is the knife.) Right handed people will take more on this side of the blade than this side. You tend to take off more cane closer to where your hand is than on the other side.
再一次放入夹哨舌头测试哨片。哦，在这之前我要先用手指测试一下，用指肚沿着纤维走向可以感受得到上侧苇片这个区域明显偏厚，这是可能是由于我修哨片的方式导致的。（把圆珠笔看作是修哨片的小刀）惯用右手的人通常会多修掉哨片的这一侧，因为我们的手在靠近哨子这一边时会倾向于把纤维多刮掉一些。
11.OK. Then of course you can put in the plaque to see if the sides are even. You don’t want to see any chunks or gouges taken out of the sides.
好的，我们现在放入夹哨舌头观察上下苇片是否厚度均匀，我们不希望看到任何沟壑或者刀片顿一下留下的痕迹。
12.I have a reed here now that is one that I have performed with off and on for a while. Let’s take a look at the wire up blade. One thing I notice visually and I hope that you can see as well is that I took a little bit of a chunk right out there. See that little darker spot right in that area? Those are the things that you can visually see. I notice that the grain stops there. As you go through the layers of the grain it will change color. The fibers change. You can see the longitudinal fibers stop and then there is a color change. That indicates to me that I have a weakness in the reed there.
我有一个表演用过一段又放着不用的哨子。我们来观察一下铜环对应的上侧苇片，我希望你可以看到我修掉了一块儿，就是有小黑点的这一片区域，我观察到纤维在这里停止延伸了。当你顺层观察纤维时他会改变颜色。纤维改变颜色就会改变，我们看到竖直走向的纤维停止延伸后面的纤维颜色就有变化。这也提醒了我这个区域将会有小的瑕疵影响演奏。
13.I always look at the reeds when they are wet. That side looks pretty good.
我总是观察已经浸湿的哨片，哦这一边看起来很好。
14.Let’s take a look at the tip and close the aperture. The wire side is up here.
我们闭合一下封口来观察，好的，铜环所对应的上侧苇片在翻过来这里。
15.I close that. It is pretty good. You see that the bubble closes right in the center. That is good. There are nice inflections on the sides here. This is a reed that will play a wide variety of dynamics very well. I don’t know if you can see this very clearly on the camera but the tip is better formed on that reed (on the right) than in this reed (on the left). The reed I am wiggling is yet to be fully finished.
我把风口闭合，很好的哨子，你可以看到风口中心很合适没有偏离，很好。同样很好的风口拐点的角度。这个哨子将会把不同力度的演奏表现的很好，我不知道你是否可以从摄像里看清左侧哨子风口形状没有右侧的好，我晃着的左侧哨子还没有完全结束修整。
16.Now we can do the finger test. After the fingers we can put in the plaque and see the sides. Yeah, I see those rails are thinner than the other ones (reeds) because I haven’t completed them.
现在我们来用手指测试。在像前面一样做过手指测试之后我们再放入夹哨舌头观察两边厚度。好的，我看到纤维比着另一个哨片相对较薄因为我还没有完成修整。
17.In this particular reed the wire up side is slightly stronger than the wire down side. Just slightly stronger. I feel that in my fingers. This is because of the way the barrel formed. If you look carefully this barrel features a single crack here, which causes there to be more vaulting or a ridge along here. In the wire down side we don’t find a single crack right in the center. It is more evenly distributed. That is preferable. This will tend to have more of an even curvature to this side. So consequently and unfortunately it is an issue with balancing both blades.
在这个哨片上铜环对应的上侧苇片要比下侧苇片坚硬些，不过只是坚硬一点点。我的手指可以感觉的到。这样的细微差别是由于一二铜环之间的木制结构，我们看到在这木制环里有一个小的裂缝，在下侧苇片我们没有在一二铜环之间的木制结构上发现任何裂缝，纤维分布的很均匀，这是就很好的因为这可以创造比上侧苇片更好的弯度。所以这个细微差别影响着哨片的性能平衡。
18.Reeds are forgiving. None of us are perfect, except of course God. We deal with what we have here.
哨片和人一样，除了上帝外，没有人可以说是十全十美。我们所做的是用我们拥有的去创造价值。
19.I want to just show you an older reed here. In this older reed you can really see how the fibers show up. As a reed ages you can see the difference in the fibers and the overall coloration of the reed. In this reed you can see the change at the tip. See those fibers? Just looking at a wet reed, see how that tip just “pops out” there? You can look at the fibers, the way they appear.我想向你展示一下我的一个老哨子，你可以清楚地看到纤维的纹路。当一个哨片老化时你观察得到它的纤维和颜色的变化。这个哨片你还可以看到风口的变化。看到这些纤维了吗？观察湿润的哨片，看到风口那些显露出来的一条一条粗纤维了吗？
20.I hope that this has been a little bit helpful. Thank you.
希望这堂课可以帮助到你，谢谢。
21.Let’s end with a prayer. I thank you Lord, that you have given us the opportunity for another day to live. Thank you for the senses you have given us: touch and sight and feeling. Thank you Lord that can enhance that as we make our reeds. In your name, Jesus, amen.
最后让我们做一个祷告。感谢我们的父给予我们的明天，感谢您赐给我们感知的能力，让我们可以观察和触摸以更好的修整哨片创造出美妙的音乐。以父之名，耶稣，阿门。
<Music: Hummel, Bassoon Concerto, I, Terry B. Ewell, bassoon, and Peter Amstutz, fortepiano, Oct. 1997, Kent University.>
<音乐：哈默巴松管协奏曲第一乐章，巴松管演奏：唐英伟博士；钢琴伴奏：彼得.阿姆斯特茨；1997年10月，肯特大学。> 以上版权归唐英伟博士所有（2012）