First Bassoon Lesson, Part 2. BDP #26. By Terry B. Ewell
Translated by Zhu Xiao Xiao
第一巴松管课, 第2部分
坐姿和起始音. 唐英伟博士 (Terry B. Ewell). 巴松管數碼教授 (Bassoon Digital Professor). BDP26ch. 翻譯 朱潇潇.
1. OK, we have our bassoon put together. Now we need to talk about the playing position, and in particular how to support the bassoon.
好的，我们的巴松安装好了。现在我们来谈谈演奏姿势，尤其是怎样托起巴松。
2. Most American bassoonists use a seat strap, which usually is made out of leather.
Some seat straps have a hook, others have a ring, which fits around the boot joint cap of the bassoon. When you put on the seat strap, the hook goes in the hole nearest you.
大多数美国巴松演奏家通常使用一个皮质座椅背带。这些座椅背带上带有钩子，或是一个圆环，刚好位于巴松的U型管的位置。当你把背带背上，钩子可以钩住离你最近的孔中。
3. The bassoon is going to be like this in your lap. You need to have it in this hole, not in the one on the opposite side: that would create a problem. So go ahead and put this on the bassoon. Then the seat strap needs to slide under you.
巴松像这样放在你的腿上，把它放在这个孔里，放在另一端的那个孔里是不对的，所以是要放在这个孔里。然后，把座椅背袋滑到你的下面。
4. Notice we haven't put on the bocal yet. We will be doing that a little bit later. I don't want you to poke out your eye. We are first going to look at the bassoon and how to finger it. The bassoon is off to my right hand side, just off my right hip here.
请注意，我们还没有安装弯管，我们一会再来装它。我不想让你的眼睛忙不过来。我们首先来看看巴松的指法。巴松管应偏向于我们的右手边，就在我的右髋关节这。
5. See that I am seated on the leather seat strap. The left hand goes over the wing joint (tenor joint) and the long joint. On most bassoons there are three holes here. (I will come up to the camera shortly.) You cover these three holes with your fingers. Then on the back side there are keys for the thumb. I will come up to the camera so that you can have a look at that again. So there's the left hand. It covers hole number one. This is the hole that is open to play F [fa] and we close it to play E [mi].
现在你们看我带着背带，左手越过短节管和长节管。大多数巴松管的这里有三个孔。（我一会会把镜头拉近）。用手指按住这三个孔。然后，用拇指按在背面的键上。我拉近镜头，让你可以再看一遍。这里是左手，它按住一号孔。这个孔，打开是F，关上是E。
6. This is for playing D [re]. And then C [do] is often a hole but on this particular instrument we have this extension key which is very nice for smaller hands. Then in the back here the one key we are learning about today that is called the "whisper key." Here is the key right here. It activates this mechanism that will be closing a little hole on the bocal.
这里是D ，然后是C，在这个特有的乐器中，这个延伸键对手比较小的人来说，是非常方便的。我们今天要来学习在巴松背面的一个按键，叫做“弱音键”，就在这里。触碰这个键就会关闭弯管上的一个小孔。
7. The right hand is situated down here. For our first lesson we are not worrying about the right hand. We are working with the left hand. For people with a large right hand they might want to have a crutch [hand rest]. This is a device that fits into a post. But for now we are not worrying about the right hand.
右手放在下边这。这是我们的第一堂课，所以不必担心右手，先来学习怎样使用左手。对于那些右手比较大的人来说，他们可能想要有一个手托。这是一个可以装在桩子上的装置，但是现在我们不必担心右手。
8. So in terms of seating with the bassoon, the bassoon itself has weight that pulls you forward. So I think that in order to counterbalance the bassoon [you should] actually lean back, with your back situated on the chair. This is a good idea. I encourage my students to sit all the way back. Be in a comfortable position. Perhaps just lean back slightly with the bassoon this way.
拿着巴松坐着时，因为它本身有重量会把你的身体往前拽着。因此，我认为，为了平衡巴松，当你坐在椅子上，背部向后靠着椅背。这是一个好的办法。我鼓励我的学生都坐得往后一点。选择一个舒适的姿势，也许只是拿着巴松稍微往后靠一点。
9. OK, now we are ready to put on the bassoon bocal. It is very important when you put on the bassoon bocal that you don't grip it by this end, but you grip it by the top. Slide it in here. If it is very stiff, it might need some cork grease on it. It does have a cork.
OK，现在我们准备把弯管装上。很重要的一点是，安装弯管的时候，要握住它的上面而不是下面。在这个部位滑动。如果它非常坚硬，可以用一些软木油。它会有一个软木圈。
10. Make sure that this pad is not down. Sometimes there are whisper key locks that force this pad down. The lock may be on this part of your instrument or it may be where the whisper key is. Make sure the pad is open. The bocal slides in so that the pad will seal the hole on the bocal.
请确保这个垫子不会掉下来。有时弱音键锁住了，会迫使垫子掉下来。锁可能位于乐器的这个部位，或弱音键的地方。请确保垫子是打开的。弯管滑到里面，垫子才能封住管上的孔。
11. OK, so before we put the bassoon reed on, let's see about adjusting our position. First you sit up straight with your back to the chair, and bring the bocal to you. Oh! You can see that mine is too low. So I have to raise it up. Grab the end of the seat strap and raise it up a little bit. That's better.
好的，在我们使用巴松哨片之前，让我们来看看如何调整我们的姿势。首先，身体坐直，背部靠在椅子上，把弯管靠近身子。哦！你可以看到，我拿的太低了。所以，我把它拿高一点。抓住座位背带的底部，往上提起一些。现在好多了。
12. So now we are ready to put on the bassoon reed. The bassoon reed slides on the end of the bocal. I sit up straight and bring the bassoon reed to me. I am ready to try to play with it. So for your first lesson I am going to teach you three fingerings. Put the whisper key down. (I will come up to the camera to show you this soon.)
现在我们来装上哨片。巴松的哨片会滑动到弯管底部。我身体坐直，取出哨片。我已经准备好试吹一下了。在第一节课上，我要教你三个指法。把弱音键放下来。（等一下我会给你来示范。）
13. E, first finger. D, second finger. C, third finger.
一指是E。二指是D。三指是C。
14. Here it is again. So the whisper key is down.
这里开始又重复一遍。弱音键放下来。
15. E [mi],D [re],C [do].E,D,C。So the little tune I am going to teach you is "Hot Cross Buns."
下面我来教你吹一首很简单的曲子，叫做"Hot Cross Buns."
16. Start on the E. It is E, D, C. Let's try this. If you have your bassoon out, go ahead and try this or you can try this later. To start and stop the notes I had to put my tongue on the reed. When the tongue goes on the reed, the reed then stops [vibrating]. So practice that a little bit--ǒHot Cross Bunsō--those three notes. Now we are ready to take apart the bassoon and show you how the swabs work.
从E开始，分别是E，D，C，让我们试试看。如果你的巴松在你旁边，你可以现在或者等一会去试着吹一下，开始或结束发音的时候都要把舌头放在哨片上。当舌头停在哨片上时，哨片就会停止振动]。所以，拿这首曲子中的三个音符来练习。现在，我们已经准备好拆掉巴松和学习如何擦拭它。