TUTORIAL教程
Welcome, this is Terry Ewell.
1. In this video I provide some background on the Opus 8/2 Bassoon Studies and Weissenborn. Several years ago I recorded a performance and teaching on the 15th study; please refer to those videos separately. Here is a link to the two videos on the 15th study:
1。在这期视频中我提供了有关维斯伯恩和巴松管练习作品8/2的一些背景。几年前，我录制了一期关于第15课的演奏和教学视频；请分别参考这些视频。这里是第15课练习两期视频的链接：
http://www.2reed.net/bdp/home.html#bdp39
2. Christian Julius Weissenborn (April 13, 1837-April 21, 1888) came from a family of musicians. His father and brother were both bassoonists. He had a distinguished career as a principal bassoonist in the Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra. His appointment as professor at the Leipzig Conservatory led to the composition of many teaching materials for bassoon.
2。基督徒朱利叶斯.维斯伯恩（1837年4月13日 - 1888年4月21日），出生于一个音乐世家。他的父亲和哥哥都是巴松管演奏家。他事业卓著，曾是莱比锡布商大厦交响乐团的巴松管首席。作为莱比锡音乐学院的教授，他完成了许多巴松管教学资料。
3. The “Practical Bassoon School” and the two collections of studies in Opus 8 provide a solid foundation for the study of bassoon. Their importance as a collection is demonstrated by the fact that these studies are used around the world! No doubt you are watching this video now because you have a copy of the Bassoon Studies in your hands.
3。“实用巴松管学校”以及第8号练习的两个收藏版本为巴松管的学习打下了坚实的基础。作为收藏版本，它们的重要性表现在这些研究被广泛用于世界各地。毫无疑问，正在观看这个视频的你，手中就有这样一个巴松管练习的副本。
4. The Opus 8/2 studies should be performed with Weissenborn’s prior studies in mind. For instance, Weissenborn explains the performance of grace notes, trills, other ornaments, and articulations Opus 8/1.
4. 作品8/2应该和维斯伯恩之前的练习一起演奏。例如，在8/1中，维斯伯恩给出了装饰音，颤音，其他装饰音及清晰发音的解释。
5. William Waterhouse notes that Weissenborn originally conceived of the materials in Opus 8/2 as containing sixty studies. Decisions made prior to publication deleted roughly 48 pages of musical text. The thematic incipits of the ten lost studies are presented in a manuscript in a London collection. However, the complete music to the studies has not yet been recovered.
5。威廉·沃特豪斯指出，按照维斯伯恩最初的设想，是要把作品8/2的材料放入60课练习中。在出版之前作出决定，删除了大概48页的音乐文本。其中有10课练习的主题开篇纳入在伦敦收藏版的手稿内。然而，完整的音乐尚未收回。
6. In addition to creating studies for the bassoon, Weissenborn composed orchestral, choral, and vocal works. Weissenborn also composed a famous work for three bassoons, which we will consider now.
6。除了为巴松管创作的练习，维斯伯恩还有管弦乐，合唱和声乐作品。维斯伯恩还写了一首三支巴松管的著名的室内乐作品，我们现在就来一起学习。
REFLECTION沉思
7. Whoever lets only the dear God reign
and hopes in him at all times,
he will preserve in a marvelous way
in every cross and sadness.
Whoever trusts in almighty God
has not built upon sand.
7。那些只让亲爱的上帝统治
并且总是把希望寄托在他身上的人，
将会在每一个十字路口和悲伤时，
以一种神奇的方式得到保护。
那些相信全能上帝的人
绝不会建在沙土上。
(accessed 19 Feb., 2014, http://www.bach-cantatas.com/Texts/Chorale052-Eng3.htm)
8. This is a translation from the German poetry written by Georg Neumark. The reference to “cross” is to Jesus’ crucifixion (and the sacrifice of His followers). The reference to “sand” comes from the lecture that Jesus gave in what is called the “Sermon on the Mount.” The text for “sand” is found in Matthew 7:24-29. These are the words that accompanied the melody chosen by Weissenborn in the first movement of his Trio for Three Bassoons.
8。这是根据德国诗人格奥尔格.诺伊马克的诗歌翻译的。所提到的“十字”，是指耶稣被钉十字架（和他的追随者的牺牲）。所提到的“沙”来自于耶稣所谓的演讲“登山宝训”。“沙”的文本可以在马太福音第七章24-29节中找到。这些都可以在维斯伯恩巴松管三重奏第一乐章的旋律中感觉得到。
9. Georg Neumark provided evidence of his faith in God and Jesus’ teachings with this poetry and music. Many composers including J. S. Bach and Weissenborn were inspired to set the melody composed by Neumark to music.
9。格奥尔格.诺伊马克在这些诗歌和音乐中显示出他对上帝的信仰和耶稣的教导。维斯伯恩以及包括巴赫在内的许多作曲家的创作都是受到了诺伊马克音乐的影响。
10. Weissenborn quotes the melody in the “cantus firmus” parts in the trio. The first appearance is in the third bassoon part. Also the melody at the 4/4 tempo is related to the hymn tune.
10。维斯伯恩引用了旋律在三重奏的“固定旋律”部分。首先在第三大管中出现。4/4拍的旋律也是与赞美诗曲调相关的。
11. Here is a portion of the section of the trio with the same hymn melody chosen by Weissenborn. You can listen to the entire trio by downloading the recording from the Wikipedia article on Weissenborn.
11。下面是来自韦斯伯恩创作的、与赞美诗同样旋律的三重奏中的一部分。您可以从维斯伯恩维基百科的文章下载收听完整的三重奏录音。
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_Weissenborn
Performance:
Arthur Grossman is one of the most widely recorded chamber and solo bassoonists in the USA. He has performed widely with the Soni Ventorum in the United States, as well as abroad for the State Department, and has recorded extensively both with the Quintet and as soloist. He was principal bassoon in the Indianapolis and Cincinnati Symphony Orchestras and a participating artist at the Marlboro Music Festival. During the 1977-78 season, Grossman was guest principal bassoon with the Israel Philharmonic, with which he made numerous recordings and international tours. In 1980, he was an invited artist in the first International Arts Festival of the Republic of China.
阿瑟.格罗斯曼是美国录制唱片最为广泛的室内乐和巴松管独奏音乐家之一。他曾与Soni Ventorum 在美国及世界各地进行了多次巡回演出，并录制了大量的五重奏和独奏唱片。他曾担任印第安纳波利斯和辛辛那提交响乐团的巴松管首席演奏家，并作为艺术家出席过万宝路音乐节。在1977-78音乐季，格罗斯曼作为以色列爱乐乐团的客座首席巴松管，与乐团一起进行了多次国际巡演并参与唱片录制。1980年，他作为特邀艺术家出席了中国首届国际艺术节。
Bruce Grainger became second bassoonist of the Seattle Symphony in 1978. Eight years later he became assistant principal bassoon of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra. He was also professor of bassoon at DePaul University and a member of the Chicago Chamber Musicians. He died in Chicago after a long illness at the age of 42.
布鲁斯·格兰杰于1978年开始担任西雅图交响乐团第二巴松管。八年后，他成为芝加哥交响乐团的巴松管副首席。此外，他还是德保罗大学的巴松管教授及芝加哥室内乐音乐家成员。在久病之后他死于芝加哥，年仅42岁。
Terry Ewell was principal bassoon of the Hong Kong Philharmonic (1979-1986), the Wheeling Symphony Orchestra (1992-1996), and the Mid-Atlantic Symphony Orchestra (2010-present).
Further information on Dr. Ewell is available at www.terryewell.com
特里.尤厄尔是香港管弦乐团（ 1979-1986 ）、美国惠灵交响乐团（ 1992-1996年）及中大西洋交响乐团（2010年至今）的首席巴松管。
更多关于尤厄尔博士的介绍可在www.terryewell.com网站上找到。
Credits:
Information on Weissenborn:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_Weissenborn
Julius Wiessenborn Fagott-Studien op. 8/2, William Waterhause, ed. Universal Edition 18122 (Wien: Universal Edition, 1987).
Article
William Waterhouse, “New Light on the Weissenborn Family,” The Double Reed 30/2 (2007), 35-44.
http://www.idrs.org/publications/controlled/DR/DR30.2/DR30_2.pdf
Information on the Nuemark Hymn Melody:
http://www.bach-cantatas.com/CM/Wer-nur-den-lieben-Gott.htm
R. Mark Rogers, ed. Six Trios for Three Bassoons by Julius Weissenborn, op. 4, second edition (San Antonio: Southern Music Company, 2003).
Recording:
MUSICAL HERITAGE SOCIETY (MS 4919A) Weissenborn Trio with Arthur Grossman, Bruce Grainger, and Terry B. Ewell.
Pictures: